Abdul Hamid II (Ottoman Turkish: عبد الحميد ثانی, Abdü’l-Ḥamîd-i-sânî; Turkish: İkinci Abdülhamit; 21 September 1842 – 10 February 1918) was the 34th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and the last Sultan to exert effective control over the fracturing state. He oversaw a period of decline, with rebellions particularly in the Balkans, and he had an unsuccessful war with the Russian Empire followed by a successful war against the Kingdom of Greece in 1897. Hamid II ruled from 31 August 1876 until he was deposed shortly after the 1908 Young Turk Revolution, on 27 April 1909. In accordance with an agreement made with the Republican Young Ottomans, he promulgated the first Ottoman Constitution of 1876 on 23 December 1876, which was a sign of progressive thinking that marked his early rule. However, in 1878, citing disagreements with the Parliament, he suspended both the short-lived constitution and Parliament.
Born |
Abdul Hamid bin Abdulmejid 22 September 1842 Topkapi Palace, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire
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Died |
10 February 1918 (aged 75) Beylerbeyi Palace, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire
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Zodiac | Virgo |
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