James Francis Edward Stuart
(1688-1766)
18th-century British royal; Jacobite pretender to the throne
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James Francis Edward Stuart (10 June 1688 – 1 January 1766), nicknamed the Old Pretender by Whigs, was the son of King James II and VII of England, Scotland and Ireland, and his second wife, Mary of Modena. He was Prince of Wales from July 1688 until, just months after his birth, his Catholic father was deposed and exiled in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. James II's Protestant elder daughter (the prince's half-sister) Mary II and her husband (the prince's cousin) William III became co-monarchs. The Bill of Rights 1689 and Act of Settlement 1701 excluded Catholics such as James from the English and British thrones.
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| Born |
10 June 1688 St. James's Palace, London, England
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| Died |
1 January 1766 (aged 77) Palazzo Muti, Rome, Papal States
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| Zodiac | Gemini |
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