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Miguel Primo de Rivera, 2nd Marquis of Estella
(1870-1930)
Prime Minister of Spain from 1923 to 1930
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Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja, 2nd Marquess of Estella, 22nd Count of Sobremonte (8 January 1870 – 16 March 1930), was a dictator, aristocrat, and military officer who served as Prime Minister of Spain from 1923 to 1930 during Spain's Restoration era. He deeply believed that it was the politicians who had ruined Spain and that governing without them he could restore the nation. His slogan was "Country, Religion, Monarchy." Historians depict him as an inept dictator who lacked clear ideas and political acumen, and who alienated his potential supporters such as the army. He did not create a base of support among the voters, and depended instead on elite elements. His actions discredited the king and ruined the monarchy, while heightening social tensions that led in 1936 to a full-scale Spanish Civil War.

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Born
8 January 1870
Jerez de la Frontera, Spain
Died
16 March 1930 (aged 60)
Paris, French Third Republic
Zodiac Capricorn
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