Roman Ungern von Sternberg

(1886-1921)

Russian anti-communist general

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Baron Roman Fyodorovich von Ungern-Sternberg (born Nikolai Robert Maximilian Freiherr von Ungern-Sternberg; Russian: Рома́н Фёдорович фон У́нгерн-Ште́рнберг, Román Fëdorovič fon Úngern-Štérnberg; 10 January 1886 – 15 September 1921), often referred to as Baron Ungern, was an anticommunist general in the Russian Civil War and then an independent warlord who intervened in Mongolia against China. One of the Russian Empire's Baltic German minority, Ungern was an ultraconservative monarchist who aspired to restore the Russian monarchy after the 1917 Russian Revolutions and to revive the Mongol Empire under the rule of the Bogd Khan. His attraction to Vajrayana Buddhism and his eccentric, often violent treatment of enemies and his own men earned him the sobriquet "the Mad Baron" or "the Bloody Baron".